Statistics and Associations
- Associated with high blood pressure (67%), Carotid Occlusive Disease (25%), Diabetes (33%), Cardiac Valve Disease (25%)
- 80% will end up with vision better than 20/40 if macular area not involved
- Most will have permanent visual field defects
- Mild association with stroke
Management
- Medical Evaluation with complete cardiovascular evaluation including electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, carotid doppler studies